Case study analysis: Hypertension and anatomical system
Introduction
Anatomical system of the human body includes circulatory system, digestive organs, endocrine system, immune system, nervous system, lymphatic vessels, skeletal, muscular system, reproductive organs, respiratory system and urinary system (Ference et al., 2018). The aim of the study is to understand the condition of the patient and identify the symptoms of the disease so that it is possible to provide effective treatment and quality care to the patient. There are several symptoms of high blood pressure such as chest pain, breathing problems, fatigue, lethargy, sleeplessness, restlessness, blurred vision, headache and heart attack, kidney disease for which it is necessary to reduce the blood pressure so that it is possible to live healthy life.
Description of the patient
A 48 years patient is suffering from hypertension and he is observing swelling around his ankles. The father of the patient died of stroke at 72 years and he has been suffered from hypertension, diabetes and obesity. The body weight of the patient is 109 kg, height is 176 cm and body mass index (BMI) is 35.1. In the first visit, the blood pressure of the patient was 169/90 and on the second visit, it was 164/ 92 which indicate that the patient is suffering from hypertension. The heart rate of the individual is 80/ minute. Blood pressure with 130/85 is considered as normal but the patient’s blood pressure is much higher as compared to the normal rate. In this regard, hypertension may affect the anatomical order of the patient’s body.
There are many factors that are the reasons of hypertension which are, high intake of salt and alcohol, obesity, diabetes, family history, changing life style, cigarette smoking and high stress. The patient has not smoked for last 13 years; he consumes alcohol in the evening. Hereby, after diagnosis, the general physician stated that the patient is suffering from hypertension. Hypertension is a critical disease which may raise difficulties in the anatomical orders in the human body and in this regard the patients, who are suffering from hypertension, need proper care and effective treatment for resolving the issue and improving the living style.
Symptoms of the disease
An elevated blood pressure means that the heart must work harder to pump blood. High blood pressure is not good for health of the human body as it affects the anatomical system of the individual. High blood pressure damages the walls of the arteries and over time hypertension also increases the risk of heart attack. The issue of hypertension is also a risky factor which raises the chances of stroke, heart and kidney disease (James et al., 2014). People with diabetes are also having high chance of hypertension than the people without diabetes. If the close family members are having high blood pressure, it is possible to have hypertension among their children. As per the case study, the father of the patient was also suffered from high blood pressure and the issue of hypertension of the patient is because of genetic disease. Headache problem is one of the symptoms of hypertension and the patients are also suffering from sleepless which further affect the digestive system of the human body. In this regard, the issue of hypertension raises the chances of stress, sleeping problem and lack of proper digestive system (Fisker, Grimm and Wehland, 2015). Extremely high blood pressure may increase the vision problems here the hypertension directly affect the eyes of the human body.
Chest pain is another symptom of hypertension as well as the problem of heart disease is also increasing if the patient is suffering for hypertension. Irregular heart beat and breathing problems are other symptoms for which the patients are suffering serious problem in living. In addition to these, the issue of hypertension raises the chances of kidney disease, adrenal disease, thyroid and cholesterol disease as well as obstructive sleeping which affect the anatomical orders of the human body adversely (Kjeldsen et al., 2015). Breathlessness and headache as well as bleeding from nose are also other symptoms for which the patient is suffering a lot in living a healthy life. In addition to these, the patient is also suffering from blurred vision, profuse sweating, fatigue and sleepiness. In this regard, it is necessary to treat the patient with care top resolve the issue and provide them suitable way to live healthy life. Seizure, anxiety, confusion, decreased concentration, reduced urine; restlessness, lethargy and nausea are other signs of having high blood pressure which also affect the whole human body system.
Providing appropriate care
In order to provide effective care to the patient suffering from hypertension, it is necessary to give social support so that he can overcome the current situation and mitigate the future chances of kidney disease as well as anatomical disorders. Promoting social support is therefore necessary in this regard so that he can overcome the situation and understand the signs and symptoms of high blood pressure (Kim et al., 016). Educating the family members of the patients for blood pressure controlling technique is necessary and it is useful to promote reinforcement strategies to live long and lead better life. Mutual support with the health and social care providers and motivation further helps the patient to overcome the current situation of the human body. Improving collaboration with the health care professionals is another tactic facilitating communication and coordination among the patients and health care professionals. In order to manage stress level and resolve the issue of the high blood pressure, counselling is necessary where the patient can understand the planning through which he can improve his health condition and live better life. Personalise planning for the patient through counselling is effective for proper diagnosis and treatment where the health and social acre professional tries to improve the patient’s care to live longer and stay better.
In order to provide proper treatment and care to the patients, it is necessary to communicate with the patient and acknowledge the cause of hypertension and the life style of the patient which also has significant impact on high blood pressure of the patient. In this regard, reducing excessive intake of carbohydrate especially sugar. Dietary intervention is therefore effective where less sugar intake can reduce blood sugar which is another cause of hypertension of the individual (Soleimani, 2015). Artificially sweetened beverages are raising the issue of hypertension and high blood sugar which may affect the anatomical system of the human body adversely. Increasing intake of beneficial minerals like magnesium, calcium and potassium which are good for health and these minerals are also beneficial for reducing obesity and hypertension. Hypothetically, one potato every day can easily meet the potassium needs of the human body and it also helps in increasing carbohydrate intake in the body. Decreasing the consumption of fatty fish and reducing the intake of salt are also effective for controlling hypertension. Avoiding processed food, cheese and luncheon meats as well as using herbs and spices instead of salt to flavour the food are also necessary for the patient to control high blood pressure. In this regard, the dietary intervention in the patient personal care is effective to help the individual in reducing high blood pressure and improve health condition.
Being overweight is closely related with the issue of hypertension and in this regard the patients, who are suffering from high blood pressure, are asked to reduce weight. In this regard proper dietary chart, exercise and walking are useful to improve health condition of the patient. Increasing the consumption of fruits, juices, vegetables are helpful for the patient where the health and social care professionals provide proper dietary chart to the patient for managing their weight (Ekmekcioglu et al., 2016). Daily physical activity and proper walk also helps in reducing the blood pressure of the patient. Exercise regularly is helpful to control diabetes, manage stress level of the person, lose weight and maintain ideal weight, prevent or control high blood pressure, improve blood cholesterol level and boost energy of the person. Hereby, in this present case study, the patient will be benefitted of he can do exercise in the daily basis as it helps to reduce blood pressure, manage stress level and improve energy to live better as well as reduce the weight as his weight is 109 kg which is much higher than normal weight. It is necessary to reduce consumption of alcohol in order to reduce the blood pressure, as in the present case study, the patient consumes alcohol in the evening, the health and social care professional needs to provide proper advice to reduce the consumption level of the patient. Drinking too much alcohol is increasing the hypertension and in this regard, it is difficult for the health and social care professional to treat high blood pressure of the patient. In this regard, the patient needs to reduce the amount of alcohol he consumes every day and it is beneficial for him to drink occasionally rather than in the daily basis.
Controlling stress and anger is also important for the patient who is suffering from hypertension. Taking time to relax and learning relaxation technique are effective for the patient to manage high stress level which is another cause of high blood pressure. Freedom in life, meditation and conversation with other are effective to manage stress. In addition to these, talking medications to control the high blood pressure is also effective for the patient to manage the hypertension and reduce the risk factors of anatomical disorders (Rust and Ekmekcioglu, 2016). The health and social care professionals and other social service providers in this regard need to communicate with the patient who is suffering from high blood pressure. High communication and cooperation with the professionals are helpful to motivate the patient to take medicines daily. Regular check up of blood pressure and taking medicine are effective through which the patient can control his blood pressure. As hypertension has adverse effects on the anatomic system of the human body, it is beneficial for the patient to control blood pressure so that it is possible to live better and stay longer.
Provision of appropriate care top the patient is necessary and in this regard, he needs a professional health expert who can diagnose his problem, background and living style of the patient as well as previous health records. Appointment with appropriate general physician who can provide proper guideline to the patient is necessary and counselling is also essential so that the patient can manage his stress level (Stone, Martyn and Weaver, 2016). As hypertension further raises the difficulties of anxiety, seizer, eye problem, breathing problem, kidney damage and sleeplessness, the patient needs to have proper diagnosis so that the professional can provide proper medicines to overcome the issue. Moreover, daily exercise and walking are also essential for the patient to control the blood pressure and in this regard the social service providers play a crucial role in motivating the person to lead healthy life with consuming healthy food and exercise daily.
Conclusion
Hypertension may raise the issue of anatomical disorders in the human body which also have adverse impacts on kidney, digestive organs and adrenal system. Hereby, controlling hypertension is necessary for the patient to live health life. In the present case, the father of the patient was died for heart attack and hypertension as well as diabetes and there is high chance of having hypertension, diabetes and heart problems in the patient. Proper support from the general physician, dietary chart, daily exercise, consuming healthy food and taking medicine on a regular basis are helpful for the patient to overcome the issue of hypertension. Apart from that, the patient needs to reduce the consumption of alcohol to control the blood pressure and cholesterol level so that it will not hamper the anatomical system of the human body.
References
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